Throughout human history, plants have been the object of pervasive and at times dominant artistic and intellectual interest. Plants were important subjects from the earliest study of life processes, and they were central to scientific study in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.

Good reasons remain to study the basic life processes of plants. Research on plants enriches our intellectual life and adds to our knowledge about other life processes. The results of research on plant systems also can teach us how to approach problems in agriculture, health, and the environment.

Plant science is a multidisciplinary area of biology including for example ecology, taxonomy, genetics, biochemistry, systems biology, horticulture and plant pathology. Plant science is key to providing secure nutrition globally, in the face of population increase pressures and unprecedented climate change effects. Plant Biology consists of divisions of Plant Genetic Material, Plant Biotechnology, Environment-friendly Production Technology, Facility Production, and Post-harvest Management Technology. It performs researches in the following areas;

• Collection of genetic resources and identification of useful genetic resources
• Physiology of crop plants and sustainable environment-friendly production technologies
• Production technologies of crop plants based on plant physiology and environmental control
• Storage, processing, value-added technologies post-harvest crops

Plant science (also called botany) can take you in as many directions as there are plants – from agriculture to horticulture, and from conservation to biotechnology.

Only higher plants and a few microorganisms can convert light energy from the sun into chemical energy. Photosynthetic organisms are at the center of the earths hospitality to other life. Plants and photosynthetic bacteria gave rise to the earth atmosphere. They are important in regulating climate and the chemical and biologic conditions of the soil and water. Photosynthetic plants are the source of the fossil fuels we are depleting today, and they provide the most readily harvested source of renewable energy for tomorrow.

The primary atmospheric gas incorporated by plants in photosynthesis, carbon dioxide, is one of the major greenhouse; gases. Plants regulate the carbon cycle of the biosphere. Plants, in part through their unique symbiotic relationships with microorganisms, also play a major role in regulating the partitioning of nitrogen between atmospheric and life processes. We will never fully understand the global environment—or have a serious hope of successfully managing it in the face of explosive population growth—until we have a much more comprehensive understanding of plants, their cellular processes, and their ecology and population biology.

• The fertility of modern plant-biology research is demonstrated in special issues of Science and Cell.
• Developmental biology, cell-to-cell recognition, signal transduction, the molecular basis of disease, plant-microbe interactions, gene regulation, transposition, and photosynthesis.